حمّل تطبيق منهاجي الجديد

منهاجي صار أسرع من خلال التطبيق

  إجابات أسئلة مراجعة الدرس

إجابات أسئلة مراجعة الدرس

السؤال الأول:

أفسر دلالة ثابت الاتزان للتفاعل الكيميائي.

يدل ثابت الاتزان على نسب تراكيز المواد المتفاعلة والمواد الناتجة عند وصوله إلى حالة الاتزان، ويستفاد من هذه النسب في تقدير الجدوى الاقتصادية للتفاعل.

 

السؤال الثاني:

أوضح المقصود بكل مما يلي:

  • قانون فعل الكتلة.
  • الاتزان المتجانس.
  • ثابت تأين الحمض الضعيف.

قانون فعل الكتلة: قانون ينص على أنه "عند درجة حرارة معينة يصل التفاعل إلى حالة تكون عندها نسبة تراكيز المواد المتفاعلة إلى تراكيز المواد الناتجة قيمة ثابتة".

الاتزان المتجانس: حالة الاتزان التي تكون فيها المواد المتفاعلة والناتجة جميعها في الحالات الفيزيائية نفسها سواء أكانت غازات أم محاليل.

ثابت تأين الحمض الضعيف: ثابت الاتزان لتأين الحمض الضعيف في الماء.

 

السؤال الثالث:

أكتب تعبير ثابت الاتزان بدلالة تراكيز المواد لكلّ من التفاعلات الآتية:

4NH3 (g)  +  5O2 (g)   right to left rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon  4NO (g)  +  6H2O (g)

 Kcbegin mathsize 20px style not stretchy rightwards double arrow B left parenthesis pi over 3 comma f left parenthesis pi over 3 right parenthesis right parenthesis equals left parenthesis pi over 3 comma 3 right parenthesis comma C left parenthesis fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction comma f left parenthesis fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis right parenthesis equals left parenthesis fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction comma 3 right parenthesis end style 

BaSO4 (s)   begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  Ba2+ (aq)   +   SO42- (aq)

Kc = [Ba2+] [SO42-]

Zn (s)  +  Cu2+ (aq)   begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  Zn2+ (aq)  +  Cu (s)

Kcbegin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style

CH3NH2 (aq)  +  H2O (l)   begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  CH3NH3+ (aq)  +  OH- (aq)

Kbbegin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  

HClO (aq)  +  H2O (l)  begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style   ClO- (aq)  +  H3O+ (aq)

Kabegin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style 

 

السؤال الرابع:

أطبق: أدخل 0.65 mol من غاز N2O4 إلى وعاء حجمه 0.5 L ، وترك ليتفكك كما في المعادلة الآتية:

N2O4 (g)  begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  2NO2 (g)

أحسب ثابت الاتزان، إذا وجد أن الوعاء يحتوي على 0.5 mol من NO2 عند الاتزان.

تركيز NO2 عند البداية:

  M  begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style  = 1.3 M

 

تركيز N2O4 عند الاتزان:

1.3 – 0.5 = 0.8 M

تركيز NO2 عند الاتزان:

0.5 mol / 0.5 L = 1 M

Kc = begin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end stylebegin mathsize 20px style table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 1 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis h left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus f left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 minus left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript left parenthesis 4 c o s invisible function application x minus 2 right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 4 s i n invisible function application x minus 2 x vertical line subscript negative pi over 3 end subscript superscript pi over 3 end superscript equals 2 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus left parenthesis negative 2 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction right parenthesis equals 4 square root of 3 minus fraction numerator 4 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table
table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell A left parenthesis R subscript 2 right parenthesis end cell cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis f left parenthesis x right parenthesis minus h left parenthesis x right parenthesis right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis negative 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 4 minus left parenthesis 2 c o s invisible function application x plus 2 right parenthesis right parenthesis d x equals integral subscript pi over 3 end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript left parenthesis 2 minus 4 c o s invisible function application x right parenthesis d x end cell row blank cell equals 2 x minus 4 s i n invisible function application x vertical line subscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end subscript superscript fraction numerator 5 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end superscript end cell row blank cell equals fraction numerator 10 pi over denominator 3 end fraction plus 2 square root of 3 minus left parenthesis fraction numerator 2 pi over denominator 3 end fraction minus 2 square root of 3 right parenthesis end cell row blank cell equals 4 square root of 3 plus fraction numerator 8 pi over denominator 3 end fraction end cell end table end style = 1.25

 

السؤال الخامس:

أطبق: أدخل 2 mol من كل من الأكسجين والنيتروجين إلى وعاء حجمه 1 L لتتفاعل وفق المعادلة الآتية:

N2 (g) + O2 (g)    2NO (g)

وقد وجد ان ثابت الاتزان للتفاعل عند درجة حرارة 150 K يساوي 1 x 10-5 ؛ أحسب تراكيز المواد عند وصول التفاعل إلى حالة الاتزان.

الاتزان

إعداد : شبكة منهاجي التعليمية

06 / 05 / 2022

النقاشات